Wyndham Grand Weifang, China
How should disaster prevention measures be taken for the lighting project of ancient buildings?
by：EME LIGHTING
2021-03-22
Ancient buildings are the crystallization of my country's history, culture and ancestors' wisdom, and they are treasures that cannot be copied. Therefore, protection of ancient buildings has a long way to go. As a necessary electrical facility for ancient buildings, lighting requires pipe laying and cable laying, which brings safety hazards to ancient buildings. How to make the lighting of ancient buildings and the protection of ancient buildings go hand in hand is a heavy test question faced by Lianghua Engineering Company. Are there complete protection and preventive measures? The editor will share with you from two aspects of lighting design and construction:
One, the choice of lamps and lanterns in the lighting project
Because of the particularity of ancient building materials and structure, low-voltage weak current power supply and cold light source lighting should be used in the building. Generally, electric heating appliances and high-power electric appliances should not be used. If it is really necessary to use, it is necessary to take safety protection measures, formulate and strictly implement the use management system, and the lamps and lanterns should have good fire resistance and stable operation. It is strictly forbidden to connect electric lines privately. Protective measures such as wearing metal pipes should be taken for indoor and outdoor electric lines. The electrical wiring and electrical appliances should be checked and tested regularly to ensure safe use.
The installation of lamps and lanterns on ancient buildings should be realized by non-destructive installation methods such as clamping, bracing, and holding. As in ancient buildings, it is impossible for lamps to be fastened by bolts as in ordinary buildings. Therefore, lamps must not only have good non-destructive installation performance, but also the adjustment of the projection angle should also be realized by clamping, bracing, and holding.
At the same time, the water resistance of light source lamps is also very important. If the waterproof and airtightness of the light source lamp is not good, it will cause safety hazards. Ground-mounted and buried-type luminaires should have a higher waterproof level than overhead-mounted luminaires.
It is advisable to use white light with good color rendering for the lighting of ancient buildings, which can truly display ancient buildings. Simple treatment is more expressive than colorful lighting. Moreover, the oil decorations and colored paintings on the surface of ancient buildings such as beams, pillars, buckets, and foreheads have higher requirements for the artificial light source lighting environment. Ultraviolet and infrared radiation should be minimized to avoid excessive ultraviolet radiation from oxidizing and fading the pigment surface. Infrared heat radiation affects the burning and cracking of the oil painting surface.
2. Lightning protection should be done in lighting engineering
Since the lamps and power distribution lines are good conductors, they will cause the accumulation of ground charges during thunderstorms, which greatly increases the possibility of lightning strikes in ancient buildings. Therefore, pay attention to the following issues:
1. The lighting facilities and their power distribution lines should be separated from the ancient building as much as possible and kept a certain distance;
2. When it is necessary to install on the ancient building itself, complete lightning protection should be set up in accordance with the requirements of lightning protection regulations, including the Franklin system to prevent direct lightning damage and the overvoltage protection device to prevent electromagnetic induction hazards;
3. For independent tall ancient buildings (pavilions, towers), additional protection measures against side lightning should be considered;
4. Make a grounding device for the lightning protection system to safely lead the lightning current into the earth as soon as possible to reduce the degree of harm.
Three, lighting engineering should pay attention to fire prevention
my country's ancient buildings are mostly wooden structures, and the fire protection problem is very prominent. Once a fire breaks out, the losses it causes are often immeasurable and make up for.
1. In principle, avoid installing lighting fixtures and power distribution facilities on combustible materials. As a last resort, the lamps and lanterns directly installed on the surface of flammable materials should adopt the lamps marked with flame retardant signs in accordance with the requirements of the regulations. Power distribution facilities (including distribution boxes, junction boxes, wire brackets, etc.) should be installed with fire-proof spacers.
2, lighting fixtures and power distribution facilities should be well enclosed to prevent electric sparks from escaping in the event of a short-circuit failure inside them;
3. The design of the lighting power distribution system should reserve sufficient margin, try to avoid the line overload and lead to the heating of the power distribution switch and the wire, the lighting power distribution branch should be subdivided and set up complete protection to remove the fault in time ；
4. All lamps and power distribution facilities should pass compulsory safety certification;
Ancient buildings are the unrepeatable cultural heritage left to us by our ancestors. The lighting of ancient buildings not only gives the ancient buildings a unique night charm, but also expresses profound cultural connotations. Therefore, the lighting people must Pay attention to careful protection.
One, the choice of lamps and lanterns in the lighting project
Because of the particularity of ancient building materials and structure, low-voltage weak current power supply and cold light source lighting should be used in the building. Generally, electric heating appliances and high-power electric appliances should not be used. If it is really necessary to use, it is necessary to take safety protection measures, formulate and strictly implement the use management system, and the lamps and lanterns should have good fire resistance and stable operation. It is strictly forbidden to connect electric lines privately. Protective measures such as wearing metal pipes should be taken for indoor and outdoor electric lines. The electrical wiring and electrical appliances should be checked and tested regularly to ensure safe use.
The installation of lamps and lanterns on ancient buildings should be realized by non-destructive installation methods such as clamping, bracing, and holding. As in ancient buildings, it is impossible for lamps to be fastened by bolts as in ordinary buildings. Therefore, lamps must not only have good non-destructive installation performance, but also the adjustment of the projection angle should also be realized by clamping, bracing, and holding.
At the same time, the water resistance of light source lamps is also very important. If the waterproof and airtightness of the light source lamp is not good, it will cause safety hazards. Ground-mounted and buried-type luminaires should have a higher waterproof level than overhead-mounted luminaires.
It is advisable to use white light with good color rendering for the lighting of ancient buildings, which can truly display ancient buildings. Simple treatment is more expressive than colorful lighting. Moreover, the oil decorations and colored paintings on the surface of ancient buildings such as beams, pillars, buckets, and foreheads have higher requirements for the artificial light source lighting environment. Ultraviolet and infrared radiation should be minimized to avoid excessive ultraviolet radiation from oxidizing and fading the pigment surface. Infrared heat radiation affects the burning and cracking of the oil painting surface.
2. Lightning protection should be done in lighting engineering
Since the lamps and power distribution lines are good conductors, they will cause the accumulation of ground charges during thunderstorms, which greatly increases the possibility of lightning strikes in ancient buildings. Therefore, pay attention to the following issues:
1. The lighting facilities and their power distribution lines should be separated from the ancient building as much as possible and kept a certain distance;
2. When it is necessary to install on the ancient building itself, complete lightning protection should be set up in accordance with the requirements of lightning protection regulations, including the Franklin system to prevent direct lightning damage and the overvoltage protection device to prevent electromagnetic induction hazards;
3. For independent tall ancient buildings (pavilions, towers), additional protection measures against side lightning should be considered;
4. Make a grounding device for the lightning protection system to safely lead the lightning current into the earth as soon as possible to reduce the degree of harm.
Three, lighting engineering should pay attention to fire prevention
my country's ancient buildings are mostly wooden structures, and the fire protection problem is very prominent. Once a fire breaks out, the losses it causes are often immeasurable and make up for.
1. In principle, avoid installing lighting fixtures and power distribution facilities on combustible materials. As a last resort, the lamps and lanterns directly installed on the surface of flammable materials should adopt the lamps marked with flame retardant signs in accordance with the requirements of the regulations. Power distribution facilities (including distribution boxes, junction boxes, wire brackets, etc.) should be installed with fire-proof spacers.
2, lighting fixtures and power distribution facilities should be well enclosed to prevent electric sparks from escaping in the event of a short-circuit failure inside them;
3. The design of the lighting power distribution system should reserve sufficient margin, try to avoid the line overload and lead to the heating of the power distribution switch and the wire, the lighting power distribution branch should be subdivided and set up complete protection to remove the fault in time ；
4. All lamps and power distribution facilities should pass compulsory safety certification;
Ancient buildings are the unrepeatable cultural heritage left to us by our ancestors. The lighting of ancient buildings not only gives the ancient buildings a unique night charm, but also expresses profound cultural connotations. Therefore, the lighting people must Pay attention to careful protection.
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