Daylighting and lighting standards for classrooms in primary and secondary schools

The lighting and lighting hygiene standards for classrooms in primary and secondary schools are designed to improve the lighting and lighting conditions in classrooms, improve teaching effects, protect students' eyesight, and enable children and adolescents to grow up healthily. This standard applies to the newly built, rebuilt and expanded general primary and secondary schools, secondary normal schools and preschool normal schools in cities, counties and towns. ★ Definition of terms (1) Daylighting coefficient: The daylighting coefficient of a certain point in the room is the ratio of the illuminance of that point to the illuminance of the outdoor diffused light at the same time, expressed in %. (2) Slope ratio: the ratio of the light transmission area of u200bu200bthe glass to the indoor ground area. (3) Direct glare: The glare caused by the luminous body that exists in the direction of the observation object or close to this aspect. (4) Reflection coefficient: The ratio of the light flow reflected on an object to the light flow incident on the object is called the reflection coefficient, which is expressed by p. (5) Illumination uniformity: the ratio of the lowest illuminance to the average illuminance on a given work surface. (6) Illuminance compensation coefficient: the ratio of the average illuminance produced by the new illuminator on the working surface to the average illuminance produced by the same illuminator under the same conditions after a certain period of use. ★ Daylighting of classrooms (1) The orientation of school classrooms should be determined according to the geographical and climatic conditions of each area. The east-west orientation should not be adopted, and the north-south double-sided daylighting should be adopted. When the classroom adopts single-sided lighting, the light should enter from the left side of the student seat. In the north classroom of the south outer corridor, the north-facing window should be the main lighting surface. (2) The lowest value of daylighting factor on the desktop of the classroom should not be less than 1.5%, and the glass-to-ground area ratio of the classroom should not be less than 1:6. In foggy areas (such as Chongqing, etc.), the lowest value of daylighting coefficient on classroom desks should not be less than 2%. (3) In order to prevent direct glare from the windows, curtains should be installed in the classroom to prevent direct sunlight from entering the classroom. In order to prevent the reflected glare of the blackboard, the surface of the blackboard should be made of wear-resistant matt material. (4) In order to improve the lighting effect of the classroom, each surface of the room should be decorated with high brightness and low chroma, and the reflection coefficient value of each surface of the room should be selected according to the provisions of the attached table. ★ Classroom lighting (1) All classrooms should be equipped with artificial lighting. (2) The average illuminance value on the desktop of the classroom should not be less than 150 lx, and the uniformity of illuminance should not be less than 0.7. Attached table The reflection coefficient value of each surface indoor surface name reverse coefficient (%) ceiling 70—80 front wall 50—60 ground 20—30 side wall, back wall 70—80 class desktop 35—50 blackboard 15—20 (3) The classroom blackboard should be equipped with local lighting, the average vertical illuminance should not be less than 200 lx, and the uniformity of illuminance should not be less than 0.7. (4) Fluorescent lamps should be used for classroom lighting. (5) In order to reduce the direct glare caused by the lighting source, it is not suitable to use naked lighting in the classroom. The minimum hanging height of the lamp from the desk of the class should not be less than 1.7m. The arrangement of the lamp tubes should be arranged with their long axis perpendicular to the blackboard surface. For lecture halls, the front row lights should not produce direct glare to the students in the back row. (6) When calculating illuminance in lighting design, the illuminance compensation coefficient is 1.3.